L'instabilité de l'épaule

Cette fiche synthétique introduit l'instabilité de l'épaule et vous permet de revoir dans les grandes lignes son diagnostic et l’essentiel de sa prise en charge.

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A, Dossim, Abalo A, Dosseh E,Songne B, Ayite A, et Gnandi-Pio F. « [Bristow-Latarjet Repairs forAnterior Instability of the Shoulder: Clinical and Radiographic Results at Mean8.2 Years Follow-Up]. » Chirurgie deLa Main 27, no 1 (4 février2008): 26‑30.

Abdul-Rassoul,Hussein, Joseph W. Galvin, Emily J. Curry, Jason Simon, et Xinning Li. « Returnto Sport After Surgical Treatment for Anterior Shoulder Instability: ASystematic Review ». The American Journal of Sports Medicine 47, no6 (mai 2019): 1507‑15.

Aboalata, Mohamed, Johannes E.Plath, Gernot Seppel, Julia Juretzko, Stephan Vogt, et Andreas B. Imhoff.« Results of Arthroscopic Bankart Repair for Anterior-Inferior ShoulderInstability at 13-Year Follow-Up ». The American Journal of SportsMedicine 45, no 4 (mars 2017): 782‑87.

Adams, Christopher R.,Angelica M. DeMartino, George Rego, Patrick J. Denard, et Stephen S. Burkhart.« The Rotator Cuff and the Superior Capsule: Why We Need Both ». Arthroscopy:The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of theArthroscopy Association of North America and the International ArthroscopyAssociation 32, no 12 (décembre 2016): 2628‑37.

Alkaduhimi,H., J.A. van der Linde, M. Flipsen, D.F.P. van Deurzen, et M.P.J. vanden Bekerom. « A systematic and technical guide on how to reduce a shoulderdislocation ». Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine 16, no4 (18 novembre 2016): 155‑68.

Ardern, Clare L., PhilipGlasgow, Anthony Schneiders, Erik Witvrouw, Benjamin Clarsen, Ann Cools, BorisGojanovic, et al. « 2016 Consensus Statement on Return to Sport from theFirst World Congress in Sports Physical Therapy, Bern ». BritishJournal of Sports Medicine 50, no 14 (juillet 2016): 853‑64.

Asker, Martin, Hannah L.Brooke, Markus Waldén, Ulrika Tranaeus, Fredrik Johansson, Eva Skillgate, etLena W. Holm. « Risk Factors for, and Prevention of, Shoulder Injuries inOverhead Sports: A Systematic Review with Best-Evidence Synthesis ». BritishJournal of Sports Medicine 52, no 20 (octobre 2018): 1312‑19.

Banas, M.P., P. G. Dalldorf, W. J. Sebastianelli, et K. E. DeHaven. « Long-TermFollowup of the Modified Bristow Procedure ». The American Journal ofSports Medicine 21, no 5 (octobre 1993): 666‑71.

Bankart, A. S. Blundell.« The Pathology and Treatment of Recurrent Dislocation of the Shoulder-Joint ».BJS (British Journal of Surgery) 26, no 101 (1938): 23‑29.

Bankart, A.S., et M. C. Cantab. « Recurrent or Habitual Dislocation of the Shoulder-Joint.1923 ». Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, no291 (juin 1993): 3‑6.

Berbig, R., D. Weishaupt, J.Prim, et O. Shahin. « Primary Anterior Shoulder Dislocation and RotatorCuff Tears ». Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 8, no3 (juin 1999): 220‑25.

Bhatia, Sanjeev, Rachel M.Frank, Neil S. Ghodadra, Andrew R. Hsu, Anthony A. Romeo, Bernard R. Bach,Pascal Boileau, et Matthew T. Provencher. « The Outcomes and SurgicalTechniques of the Latarjet Procedure ». Arthroscopy: The Journal ofArthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of the ArthroscopyAssociation of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association30, no 2 (février 2014): 227‑35.

Bi, Smith, Bliven Kc, MorwayGr, et Hurbanek Jg. « Management of Primary Anterior Shoulder DislocationsUsing Immobilization. » Journal of Athletic Training 50, no5 (5 mars 2015): 550‑52.

Bigliani, L. U., R. Kelkar, E.L. Flatow, R. G. Pollock, et V. C. Mow. « Glenohumeral Stability.Biomechanical Properties of Passive and Active Stabilizers ». ClinicalOrthopaedics and Related Research, no 330 (septembre 1996): 13‑30.

Bigliani, L. U., R. G.Pollock, L. J. Soslowsky, E. L. Flatow, R. J. Pawluk, et V. C. Mow.« Tensile Properties of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament ». Journalof Orthopaedic Research: Official Publication of the Orthopaedic ResearchSociety 10, no 2 (mars 1992): 187‑97.

Blasier, R.B., J. E. Carpenter, et L. J. Huston. « Shoulder Proprioception. Effect of JointLaxity, Joint Position, and Direction of Motion ». Orthopaedic Review23, no 1 (janvier 1994): 45‑50.

Bock, J., J. Buckup, Y.Reinig, E. Zimmermann, C. Colcuc, R. Hoffmann, F. Welsch, et Thomas Stein.« The Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Procedure Enables Complete QuantitativeLabrum Restoration in Long-Term Assessments ». Knee Surgery, SportsTraumatology, Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA 26, no12 (décembre 2018): 3788‑96.

Boffano, Michele, StefanoMortera, et Raimondo Piana. « Management of the first episode of traumaticshoulder dislocation ». EFORT Open Reviews 2, no 2 (1février 2017): 35‑40.

Bottoni, Craig R., Eric L.Smith, Mark J. Berkowitz, Robert B. Towle, et Josef H. Moore.« Arthroscopic versus Open Shoulder Stabilization for Recurrent AnteriorInstability: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial ». The AmericanJournal of Sports Medicine 34, no 11 (novembre 2006): 1730‑37.

Brady, W.J., C. J. Knuth, et R. G. Pirrallo. « Bilateral Inferior GlenohumeralDislocation: Luxatio Erecta, an Unusual Presentation of a Rare Disorder ».The Journal of Emergency Medicine 13, no 1 (février 1995): 37‑42.

Burkhart, S.S., et J. F. De Beer. « Traumatic Glenohumeral Bone Defects and Their Relationship toFailure of Arthroscopic Bankart Repairs: Significance of the Inverted-PearGlenoid and the Humeral Engaging Hill-Sachs Lesion ». Arthroscopy: TheJournal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of theArthroscopy Association of North America and the International ArthroscopyAssociation 16, no 7 (octobre 2000): 677‑94.

Cannizzaro, Connor K., HaydenB. Schuette, Darby A. Houck, Michelle L. Wolcott, Armando F. Vidal, Eric C.McCarty, Jonathan T. Bravman, et Rachel M. Frank. « Sex-Based Differencesin Recurrence Rates Following Arthroscopic Anterior Shoulder Stabilization: ASystematic Review ». Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation2, no 5 (14 octobre 2020): e637‑44.

Caplan,Jill, Terrill P. Julien, James Michelson, et Robert J. Neviaser. « MultidirectionalInstability of the Shoulder in Elite Female Gymnasts ». AmericanJournal of Orthopedics (Belle Mead, N.J.) 36, no 12 (décembre2007): 660‑65.

Carol, E. J., L. M. Falke, J.H. Kortmann, J. F. Roeffen, et P. A. van Acker. « Bristow-LatarjetRepair for Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability; an Eight-Year Study ».The Netherlands Journal of Surgery 37, no 4 (août 1985): 109‑13.

Carpenter, J. E., R. B. Blasier,et G. G. Pellizzon. « The Effects of Muscle Fatigue on Shoulder JointPosition Sense ». The American Journal of Sports Medicine 26, no2 (avril 1998): 262‑65.

Carter, C.,et J. Wilkinson. « PERSISTENT JOINT LAXITY AND CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THEHIP ». The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume 46(février 1964): 40‑45.

Christofi,T., A. Kallis, D.A. Raptis, M. Rowland, et J. Ryan. « Gestion DesLuxations de l’épaule ». Trauma 9, no 1 (1 janvier2007): 39‑46.

Clesham,Kevin, et Fintan J. Shannon. « Arthroscopic Anterior Shoulder Stabilisation in Overhead SportAthletes: 5-Year Follow-Up ». Irish Journal of Medical Science 188,no 4 (novembre 2019): 1233‑37.

Cools, Ann M., Dorien Borms,Birgit Castelein, Fran Vanderstukken, et Fredrik R. Johansson.« Evidence-Based Rehabilitation of Athletes with GlenohumeralInstability ». Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy: OfficialJournal of the ESSKA 24, no 2 (février 2016): 382‑89.

Cooper, R.A., et J. J. Brems. « The Inferior Capsular-Shift Procedure for MultidirectionalInstability of the Shoulder ». The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.American Volume 74, no 10 (décembre 1992): 1516‑21.

Crichton,James, Doug R. Jones, et Lennard Funk. « Mechanisms of TraumaticShoulder Injury in Elite Rugby Players ». British Journal of SportsMedicine 46, no 7 (juin 2012): 538‑42.

Cunningham,Gregory, Davide Zanchi, Kirsten Emmert, Rotem Kopel, Dimitri Van De Ville,Alexandre Lädermann, Sven Haller, et Pierre Hoffmeyer. « Neural Correlates ofClinical Scores in Patients with Anterior Shoulder Apprehension ». Medicineand Science in Sports and Exercise 47, no 12 (décembre 2015):2612‑20.

Cutts, Steven, Mark Prempeh,et Steven Drew. « Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ». Annals of theRoyal College of Surgeons of England 91, no 1 (janvier 2009): 2‑7.

Cyprien, J.M., H. M. Vasey, A. Burdet, J. C. Bonvin, N. Kritsikis, et P. Vuagnat. « HumeralRetrotorsion and Glenohumeral Relationship in the Normal Shoulder and inRecurrent Anterior Dislocation (Scapulometry) ». Clinical Orthopaedicsand Related Research, no 175 (mai 1983): 8‑17.

Damkjær, Lars, Tom Petersen,et Birgit Juul-Kristensen. « Is the American Society of Shoulder and ElbowTherapists’ Rehabilitation Guideline Better than Standard Care When Applied toBankart-Operated Patients? A Controlled Study ». ClinicalRehabilitation 29, no 2 (février 2015): 154‑64.

Degen, Ryan M., Christopher L.Camp, Brian C. Werner, David M. Dines, et Joshua S. Dines. « Trends inBone-Block Augmentation Among Recently Trained Orthopaedic Surgeons TreatingAnterior Shoulder Instability ». The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.American Volume 98, no 13 (6 juillet 2016): e56.

Dickens, Jonathan F., Sean E.Slaven, Kenneth L. Cameron, Adam M. Pickett, Matthew Posner, Scot E. Campbell,et Brett D. Owens. « Prospective Evaluation of Glenoid Bone Loss AfterFirst-Time and Recurrent Anterior Glenohumeral Instability Events ». TheAmerican Journal of Sports Medicine 47, no 5 (avril 2019): 1082‑89.

Doshi, Deepak, et RiteshFirke. « A New Patient-Controlled Technique for Shoulder Relocation inEmergency Departments ». The American Journal of Case Reports 15 (6novembre 2014): 485‑87.

Eberly, Vance C., Patrick J.McMahon, et Thay Q. Lee. « Variation in the Glenoid Origin of theAnteroinferior Glenohumeral Capsulolabrum ». Clinical Orthopaedics andRelated Research, no 400 (juillet 2002): 26‑31.

Edouard,Pascal, Francis Degache, Laurent Beguin, Pierre Samozino, Giorgio Gresta,Isabelle Fayolle-Minon, Frédéric Farizon, et Paul Calmels. « RotatorCuff Strength in Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability ». The Journalof Bone and Joint Surgery. AmericanVolume 93, no 8 (20 avril2011): 759‑65.

Émond,Marcel, Natalie Le Sage, André Lavoie, et Louis Rochette. « ClinicalFactors Predicting Fractures Associated with an Anterior ShoulderDislocation ». Academic Emergency Medicine 11, no 8(2004): 853‑58.

Farber, Adam J., RenanCastillo, Mark Clough, Michael Bahk, et Edward G. McFarland. « ClinicalAssessment of Three Common Tests for Traumatic Anterior ShoulderInstability ». The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume88, no 7 (juillet 2006): 1467‑74.

Fedorka, Catherine J., et MaryK. Mulcahey. « Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability: A Review of theLatarjet Procedure and Its Postoperative Rehabilitation ». ThePhysician and Sportsmedicine 43, no 1 (février 2015): 73‑79.

Flatow, E., R. Kelkar, R. A.Raimondo, V. Wang, R. Pollock, R. J. Pawluk, V. Mow, et L. Bigliani. « Activeand passive restraints against superior humeral translation: The contributionsof the rotator cuff, the biceps tendon, and the coracoacromial arch »,1996.

Frank, Rachel M., Anthony A.Romeo, et Matthew T. Provencher. « Posterior Glenohumeral Instability:Evidence-Based Treatment ». The Journal of the American Academy ofOrthopaedic Surgeons 25, no 9 (septembre 2017): 610‑23.

Freedman, Kevin B., Adam P.Smith, Anthony A. Romeo, Brian J. Cole, et Bernard R. Bach. « Open BankartRepair versus Arthroscopic Repair with Transglenoid Sutures or BioabsorbableTacks for Recurrent Anterior Instability of the Shoulder: AMeta-Analysis ». The American Journal of Sports Medicine 32, no6 (septembre 2004): 1520‑27.

G, Walch, Agostini Jy, LevigneC, et Nové-Josserand L. « [Recurrent Anterior and MultidirectionalInstability of the Shoulder]. » Revue deChirurgie Orthopedique et Reparatrice de L’appareil Moteur 81, no 8 (1 janvier 1995): 682‑90.

Gerber, C.,F. Terrier, et R. Ganz. « The Trillat Procedure for Recurrent Anterior Instability of theShoulder ». The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume70, no 1 (janvier 1988): 130‑34.

Gerometta,Antoine, Shahnaz Klouche, Serge Herman, Nicolas Lefevre, et Yoann Bohu. « TheShoulder Instability-Return to Sport after Injury (SIRSI): A Valid andReproducible Scale to Quantify Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport afterTraumatic Shoulder Instability ». Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology,Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA 26, no 1 (janvier2018): 203‑11.

Goetti, Patrick, Patrick J.Denard, Philippe Collin, Mohamed Ibrahim, Pierre Hoffmeyer, et AlexandreLädermann. « Shoulder biomechanics in normal and selected pathologicalconditions ». EFORT Open Reviews 5, no 8 (10 septembre2020): 508‑18.

Gottschalk, Lionel J., PiyushWalia, Ronak M. Patel, Matthew Kuklis, Morgan H. Jones, Stephen D. Fening, etAnthony Miniaci. « Stability of the Glenohumeral Joint With CombinedHumeral Head and Glenoid Defects: A Cadaveric Study ». The AmericanJournal of Sports Medicine 44, no 4 (avril 2016): 933‑40.

Greis, Patrick E., Matthew G.Scuderi, Alexander Mohr, Kent N. Bachus, et Robert T. Burks.« Glenohumeral Articular Contact Areas and Pressures Following Labral andOsseous Injury to the Anteroinferior Quadrant of the Glenoid ». Journalof Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 11, no 5 (octobre 2002): 442‑51.

Griesser, Michael J., JoshuaD. Harris, Brett W. McCoy, Waqas M. Hussain, Morgan H. Jones, Julie Y. Bishop,et Anthony Miniaci. « Complications and Re-Operations afterBristow-Latarjet Shoulder Stabilization: A Systematic Review ». Journalof Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 22, no 2 (février 2013): 286‑92.

Gupta, Ashish, Ruth Delaney,Kalojan Petkin, et Laurent Lafosse. « Complications of the LatarjetProcedure ». Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine 8, no1 (mars 2015): 59‑66.

Gutkowska, Olga, JacekMartynkiewicz, et Jerzy Gosk. « Position of Immobilization AfterFirst-Time Traumatic Anterior Glenohumeral Dislocation: A LiteratureReview ». Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal ofExperimental and Clinical Research 23 (15 juillet 2017): 3437‑45.

Habermeyer,P., U. Schuller, et E. Wiedemann. « The Intra-Articular Pressure of theShoulder: An Experimental Study on the Role of the Glenoid Labrum inStabilizing the Joint ». Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic &Related Surgery: Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of NorthAmerica and the International Arthroscopy Association 8, no 2(1992): 166‑72.

Haley, Col Chad A.« History and Physical Examination for Shoulder Instability ». SportsMedicine and Arthroscopy Review 25, no 3 (septembre 2017): 150‑55.

Handoll, Helen HG, et MohammedA. Al‐Maiyah. « Surgical versus Non‐surgical Treatment for Acute AnteriorShoulder Dislocation ». Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no1 (2004).

Hara, H., N. Ito, et K.Iwasaki. « Strength of the Glenoid Labrum and Adjacent ShoulderCapsule ». Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 5, no 4(août 1996): 263‑68.

Harryman, D. T., J. A. Sidles,S. L. Harris, et F. A. Matsen. « Laxity of the Normal Glenohumeral Joint:A Quantitative in Vivo Assessment ». Journal of Shoulder and ElbowSurgery 1, no 2 (mars 1992): 66‑76.

Hatamabadi, Hamid Reza, AliArhami Dolatabadi, Hojjat Derakhshanfar, Somaye Younesian, et Ensieh GhaffariShad. « Propofol Versus Midazolam for Procedural Sedation of AnteriorShoulder Dislocation in Emergency Department: A Randomized ClinicalTrial ». Trauma Monthly 20, no 2 (mai 2015).

Heidari, Kamran, ShadiAsadollahi, Reza Vafaee, Abbas Barfehei, Hossein Kamalifar, Zein AlabedinChaboksavar, et Mohammad Sabbaghi. « Immobilization in External RotationCombined with Abduction Reduces the Risk of Recurrence after Primary AnteriorShoulder Dislocation ». Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 23, no6 (juin 2014): 759‑66.

Hill, Harold A., et Maurice D.Sachs. « The Grooved Defect of the Humeral Head ». Radiology35, no 6 (1 décembre 1940): 690‑700.

Hoelen, M. A., A. M. Burgers,et P. M. Rozing. « Prognosis of Primary Anterior Shoulder Dislocation inYoung Adults ». Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 110, no1 (1990): 51‑54.

Horst, K., R. Von Harten, C.Weber, H. Andruszkow, R. Pfeifer, T. Dienstknecht, et H. C. Pape.« Assessment of Coincidence and Defect Sizes in Bankart and Hill-SachsLesions after Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: A Radiological Study ». TheBritish Journal of Radiology 87, no 1034 (février 2014):20130673.

Hovelius, L. K., B. C. Sandström,D. L. Rösmark, M. Saebö, K. H. Sundgren, et B. G. Malmqvist. « Long-TermResults with the Bankart and Bristow-Latarjet Procedures: Recurrent ShoulderInstability and Arthropathy ». Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery10, no 5 (octobre 2001): 445‑52.

Hovelius,Lennart, et Hans Rahme. « Primary Anterior Dislocation of the Shoulder: Long-Term Prognosis atthe Age of 40 Years or Younger ». Knee Surgery, SportsTraumatology, Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA 24, no2 (février 2016): 330‑42.

Hovelius, Lennart, BjörnSandström, et Modolv Saebö. « One Hundred Eighteen Bristow-LatarjetRepairs for Recurrent Anterior Dislocation of the Shoulder ProspectivelyFollowed for Fifteen Years: Study II-the Evolution of DislocationArthropathy ». Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 15, no3 (juin 2006): 279‑89.

Hovelius, Lennart, BjörnSandström, Kent Sundgren, et Modolv Saebö. « One Hundred EighteenBristow-Latarjet Repairs for Recurrent Anterior Dislocation of the ShoulderProspectively Followed for Fifteen Years: Study I--Clinical Results ». Journalof Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 13, no 5 (octobre 2004): 509‑16.

Hui, Alexander Y., William J.McCarty, Koichi Masuda, Gary S. Firestein, et Robert L. Sah. « A SystemsBiology Approach to Synovial Joint Lubrication in Health, Injury, andDisease ». Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Systems Biology andMedicine 4, no 1 (février 2012): 15‑37.

Hurley, Eoghan T., Amit K.Manjunath, David A. Bloom, Leo Pauzenberger, Hannan Mullett, Michael J. Alaia,et Eric J. Strauss. « Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Versus ConservativeManagement for First-Time Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability: A SystematicReview and Meta-Analysis ». Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic& Related Surgery: Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association ofNorth America and the International Arthroscopy Association 36, no9 (septembre 2020): 2526‑32.

Imhoff, Andreas B., PatrickAnsah, Thomas Tischer, Christoph Reiter, Christoph Bartl, Maximilian Hench,Jeffrey T. Spang, et Stephan Vogt. « Arthroscopic Repair ofAnterior-Inferior Glenohumeral Instability Using a Portal at the 5:30-o’clockPosition: Analysis of the Effects of Age, Fixation Method, and ConcomitantShoulder Injury on Surgical Outcomes ». The American Journal of SportsMedicine 38, no 9 (septembre 2010): 1795‑1803.

« Instabilitéglénohumérale postérieure : traitement fondé sur des données probantes -PubMed ». Consulté le 15 juin 2021.

Itoi, E., S.B. Lee, L. J. Berglund, L. L. Berge, et K. N. An. « The Effect of a GlenoidDefect on Anteroinferior Stability of the Shoulder after Bankart Repair: ACadaveric Study ». The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. AmericanVolume 82, no 1 (janvier 2000): 35‑46.

Itoi, E., R.Sashi, H. Minagawa, T. Shimizu, I. Wakabayashi, et K. Sato. « Positionof Immobilization after Dislocation of the Glenohumeral Joint. A Study with Useof Magnetic Resonance Imaging ». The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.American Volume 83, no 5 (mai 2001): 661‑67.

Itoi, Eiji.« Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atraumatic Instability of theShoulder ». Journal of Orthopaedic Science: Official Journal of theJapanese Orthopaedic Association 9, no 2 (2004): 208‑13.

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Jerosch, J., W. H. Castro, H.Halm, et H. Drescher. « Does the Glenohumeral Joint Capsule HaveProprioceptive Capability? » Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology,Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA 1, no 2 (1993): 80‑84.

Jerosch, J., J. Steinbeck, M.Schröder, M. Westhues, et R. Reer. « Intraoperative EMG Response of theMusculature after Stimulation of the Glenohumeral Joint Capsule ». ActaOrthopaedica Belgica 63, no 1 (mars 1997): 8‑14.

Joseph, Thomas A., James S.Williams, et John J. Brems. « Laser Capsulorrhaphy for MultidirectionalInstability of the Shoulder. An Outcomes Study and Proposed ClassificationSystem ». The American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no1 (février 2003): 26‑35.

Kampen, Derk A. van, Tobiasvan den Berg, Henk Jan van der Woude, René M. Castelein, Caroline B.Terwee, et W. Jaap Willems. « Diagnostic Value of Patient Characteristics,History, and Six Clinical Tests for Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability ».Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 22, no 10 (octobre2013): 1310‑19.

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Kirkley, Alexandra, RobertWerstine, Andrew Ratjek, et Sharon Griffin. « Prospective RandomizedClinical Trial Comparing the Effectiveness of Immediate ArthroscopicStabilization versus Immobilization and Rehabilitation in First TraumaticAnterior Dislocations of the Shoulder: Long-Term Evaluation ». Arthroscopy:The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication of theArthroscopy Association of North America and the International ArthroscopyAssociation 21, no 1 (janvier 2005): 55‑63.

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Kralinger, Franz S., KarlGolser, Ralph Wischatta, Markus Wambacher, et Gernot Sperner. « PredictingRecurrence after Primary Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ». The AmericanJournal of Sports Medicine 30, no 1 (février 2002): 116‑20.

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