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Which tests assess shoulder instability?
Here are the main clinical tests to assess shoulder instability, backed by the literature and available in the Fullphysio library:
1. Apprehension test
Position — 90° abduction + maximal external rotation.
Positive sign — apprehension (fear of dislocation) reproducing the patient's symptoms.
Interpretation — positive if apprehension outweighs pain → anterior instability.
Apprehension test
2. Relocation test
Position — same position; the therapist applies posterior pressure to “relocate” the humeral head.
Positive sign — reduced apprehension and pain on repositioning.
Relocation test
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